Factors Influencing Students’ Enrolment Decisions in TVET Programs in Malaysia

Abstract

This study examines the factors influencing student enrolment decisions in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programs at Jabatan Perdagangan, Politeknik Port Dickson, Malaysia. Despite TVET's critical role in developing a skilled workforce, enrolment rates in polytechnic institutions remain low, partly due to negative perceptions of TVET as a less prestigious educational pathway. Drawing on Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), this quantitative study investigates the impact of career opportunities, family influence, peer influence, and interest and self-efficacy on enrolment decisions, and examines whether enrolment decisions differ based on gender. Data were collected through an online survey of 159 students. Multiple regression analysis confirmed that all hypothesized factors significantly predict enrolment decisions, with interest and self-efficacy as the strongest influences. Family and peer influences were also significant, while career opportunities had a smaller yet meaningful effect. No significant gender differences were found. The findings highlight the importance of intrinsic motivation and social support in shaping TVET enrolment and suggest targeted policy interventions to improve awareness, perceptions, and curriculum alignment with industry demands.