Potensi Larvasid Nyamuk daripada Ekstrak Bunga Kantan (Etlingera Elatior) terhadap Culex Quinquefasciatus

Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases are one of the major health problems in Malaysia. Mosquito control programmes using synthetic insecticides are proven to be harmful for human and environmental ecosystems. In consideration of this, it is important to develop environmental friendly products to control the mosquito attack. The mean of this study was to determine the effectiveness of larvacidal potential in essential oil from Etligera elatior flower against Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. Essential oil from oven dried torch ginger flowers were extracted using ethanol and concentrated by rotary evaporator. Bioactive compound compositions in essential oil were identified using Gas Chromatography- Mass spectrometry (GCMS). Larvacidal test on mosquito larvae used four different concentrations and calculated based on mortality rate. The GCMS result showed caryophyllene compound acted as a mosquito larvacide was highest namely 99%. Two other bioactive compounds were detected namely 1-Tetradecyl acetate (95%) and 11-Tricosene (86%) also in high percentage that mostly used in pesticide products. In contrast, the presence of 2-undecanone was low percentage namely 52%. Mortality rate showed the most effective of essential oil concentration to kill mosquito larvae was 200 ppm (92.5%) followed by 100ppm (87.5%) after 24 hours. Therefore, torch ginger flower as larvacidal can be used against C. quinquefasciatus larvae and it can be one of the alternatives to other commercial larvacidal if further studied.