Development of Database System for Historical Artefacts Collection of The Malay Sultanate of Malacca Using Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)

Abstract

The tourism sector plays a vital role in Melaka's economic growth, renowned for its historical heritage from the Malacca Sultanate era. To preserve and manage historical artefacts, the government has emphasised digitalisation. However, conventional artefact management systems face challenges in data organisation, retrieval, and accessibility. This study aims to develop a database system for managing artefact collections at the Perbadanan Muzium Melaka (PERZIM) to enhance systematic storage, retrieval, and analysis of artefact-related data, thereby improving museum management efficiency. The research integrates Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) software for spatial visualisation and mapping of artefact locations. Additionally, it incorporates three-dimensional measurement techniques using 3D laser side scanners for artefact maintenance and conservation. The methodology includes database design, data collection, and system integration with QGIS for geographic mapping. Historical records and museum archives are digitised and structured within the database system to improve documentation and accessibility. The findings reveal that the developed system significantly enhances data management, enabling museum officers to store, retrieve, and update artefact information efficiently. System performance was evaluated based on improvements in data storage, retrieval speed, and user satisfaction, measured through usability testing with PERZIM museum officers. The results showed a 40% reduction in data retrieval time and increased user satisfaction scores. GIS integration enabled accurate spatial visualisation of artefact locations, supporting research, conservation planning, and tourism development. This study contributes to the digital transformation of cultural heritage management, ensuring better artefact preservation and accessibility while promoting sustainable tourism. Future improvements should focus on developing a web-based platform for public access and incorporating artificial intelligence for automated artefact classification. Collaboration among government agencies, museums, and research institutions is essential for continuous advancements in historical preservation and cultural heritage management.